In a move that shook the nation, Kazakhstan made history by criminalizing domestic violence following the tragic murder of Saltanat Nukenova in November 2023. This pivotal law, known as the Saltanat law, came into effect on June 16, 2024, marking a significant step towards addressing the pervasive issue of domestic abuse in the country.
Official data paints a promising picture, showing a notable decrease in reported cases of domestic violence since the law’s implementation. Reports indicate a 28% drop in domestic violence cases between June and December 2024 compared to the same period in the previous year. Additionally, administrative actions were taken against offenders, with a substantial number being arrested and facing legal consequences for their actions.
Despite these positive developments, experts and advocates on the ground emphasize that challenges persist. The issue of underreporting looms large, with many survivors choosing not to seek help due to fear of retaliation, social stigma, or lack of trust in the legal system. A survey conducted by the UN revealed alarming statistics, with only a small fraction of women reporting intimate partner violence to authorities or seeking medical assistance.
Anna Ryl, director of a crisis center in Astana, highlights the complexities of the situation, noting that while the law has led to increased police responsiveness, many victims hesitate to pursue criminal charges against their abusers. Ryl underscores the need for preventive measures, such as addiction treatment centers, to address the underlying causes of violence and provide holistic support to families in crisis.
The narrative extends beyond legal frameworks and enforcement mechanisms to encompass societal attitudes towards violence. Khalida Azhigulova, a human rights lawyer, emphasizes the importance of promoting zero tolerance for all forms of violence. She notes a cultural shift towards holding perpetrators accountable and protecting vulnerable individuals, especially children, from harm.
While legislative changes signal progress, sustained efforts in public education, enforcement, and fostering a culture of respect and safety are essential. Ensuring that every individual feels secure and valued requires a multifaceted approach that transcends legal mandates to create a society where violence is not just punished but prevented through collective action and unwavering commitment to justice and equality.
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